Biološko uklanjanje dušika iz otpadne voda

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Biological nitrogen removal from wastewater
• Author: Kristina Kanižaj
• Mentor: Marin Matošić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Engineering); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2010-07-01, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology

Abstract

Velike količine hranjivih tvari (spojevi s dušikom i fosforom) koje dospijevaju u kopnene vode, kao što su jezera, estuariji ili potoci s malim protokom vode, uzrokuju neumjeren rast bilja i ima značajan utjecaj na narušavanje ekosustava i ljudskog društva, a proces se naziva eutrofikacija. Pri biološkoj obradi otpadnih voda, bakterije uklanjaju dušik iz otpadnih voda pomoću dva biološka procesa: nitrifikacija nakon koje slijedi denitrifikacija. Nitrifikacija je biološki proces u kojem se amonijak oksidira do nitrita i nitrata. Nitrifikacija se odvija u dva oksidacijska koraka: (1) amonijak oksidirajući organizmi prevode slobodan i otopljen amonijak u nitrit i (2) nitrit oksidirajući organizmi prevode nitrit do nitrita. Denitrifikacija je biološka redukcija nitrata do plinovitog dušika pomoću fakultativno heterotrofnih bakterija. Osim nitrifikacije i denitrifikacije pojavile su se novije metode uklanjanja dušika, koje se koriste za obradu vode s visokom koncentracijom dušika, dobivene digestijom mulja (SHARON® i ANAMMOX).

Abstract (english)

A process in which water bodies such as lakes, estuaries or slow-moving streams receive excess nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) that stimulate excessive plant growth and has the potential to severely impact the health of natural ecosystems and human society is called eutrophication. During biological wastewater treatment, bacteria remove nitrogen from wastewater by two step biological processes: nitrification followed by denitrification. Nitrification is biological process where ammonia is oxidized to nitrite and nitrate. Nitrification take place in two oxidation steps: (1) ammnonia oxidizing organisms convert free and saline ammonia to nitrite, and (2) nitrite oxidizing organisms convert nitrite to nitrate. Denitrification use the biological reduction of nitrate to nitrogen gas by facultative heterotrophic bacteria. Apart from nitrification and denitrification there have appeared innovative methods for nitrogen removal, which are used for treatment of water with high concentration of nitrogen, obteined by digestion of sludge (SHARON® i ANAMMOX).

• Keywords: nitrifikacija; denitrifikacija; biološko uklanjanje dušika; otpadna voda
• Keywords (english): nitrification; denitrification; biological nitrogen removal; wastewater
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:562153
• Study programme: Title: Biotechnology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-06-02 10:37:48