Povezanost metaboličke inzulinske rezistencije s metabolizmom masti

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The connection between metabolic insulin resistance and metabolism of fats
• Author: Sandra Zugan
• Mentor: Irena Landeka Jurčević (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Quality Control); (Laboratory for Food Chemistry and Biochemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2012-07-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition

Abstract

Metabolička inzulinska rezistencija (IR) definira se kao odgovor na inzulin manji od normalnog, što dovodi do hiperinzulinemije kako bi se održali euglikemijski uvjeti u krvi. Najčešći osnovni uzrok je visceralna pretilost. Visceralno masno tkivo je obilježeno visokim lučenjem proupalnih adipokina. Poremećeno preuzimanje glukoze u mišićima, smanjena sinteza glikogena kao i loše inhibirana glukoneogeneza u jetri te loše inhibirana lipoliza u masnim stanica, što će za posljedicu imati porast koncentracije slobodnih masnih kiselina, osnovne su značajke toga stanja. IR je povezana sa skupom dislipidemijskih svojstava, tj. povišenom koncentracijom triglicerida u plazmi, porastom VLDL-a i IDL-a, prisutnošću malih gustih LDL-a te smanjenim HDL-om. Poremećaj metabolizma masti u osoba s metaboličkom inzulinskom rezistencijom važan je čimbenik za razvoj ateroskleroze odnosno kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Pravilna prehrana, pojačana tjelesna aktivnost i mršavljenje povećavaju inzulinsku osjetljivost.

Abstract (english)

Metabolic insulin resistance (IR) is defined as a less than normal response to insulin, which leads to hyperinsulinemia for euglycemic conditions to be maintained. The most common underlying cause is visceral obesity. Great quantity of proinflammatory adipokines is secreted by visceral adipose tissue. IR is characterised by the impaired ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake by skeletal muscle, to inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis while glycogen synthesis is decreased, as well as the failure to suppress lipolysis in adipose tissue thus increasing the concentration of free fatty-acids. It has been associated with a cluster of dyslipidemic features, i.e., elevated plasma triglyceride level, an increase in VLDL and IDL, the presence of small dense LDL, and a decrease in HDL-cholesterol. Disorder of lipid metabolism in patinets with IR is an important risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis i.e cardiovacular diseases. Appropriate diet, physical activity and weight loss improve insulin sensitivity.

• Keywords: inzulinska rezistencija; visceralna debljina; adipokini; dislipidemija
• Keywords (english): insulin resistance; visceral adiposity; adipokines; dyslipidemia
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:058896
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-05-16 13:31:53