Utjecaj nutritivnog statusa na imunosni sustav

undergraduate thesis

• Author: Anamarija Švagelj
• Mentor: Lidija Šver (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Biochemical Engineering); (Laboratory for Biology and Microbial Genetics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2012-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition

Abstract

Nutritivni status i imunosni sustav su čvrsto povezani, stoga narušeni nutritivni status može značajno oslabiti njegovu funkciju i time uzrokovati mnoge bolesti. Malnutricija je najčešći uzrok imunodeficijencije u svijetu. Proteinsko-energetska malnutricija povezuje se s limfoidnom atrofijom, oslabljenom imunosti koja je posredovana stanicama, funkcijom fagocita, sustavom komplemenata, kasnom (odgođenom) preosjetljivosti kože, smanjenom koncentracijom izlučenog IgA te smanjenom proizvodnjom citokina. Prehrambene masti imaju različit utjecaj na organizam koji ovisi o količini i vrsti masti koja se konzumira. Neke masti (npr. linolna kiselina) mogu se transformirati u biološke posrednike koji mogu inicirati ili mijenjati brojne procese u tijelu. Narušen status pojedinih mikronutrijenata može također rezultirati promijenjenim imunosnim odgovorima. Prekomjeran unos nutrijenata i pretilost mogu također značajno oslabiti funkciju imunosnog sustava. Ovi podaci su od velike važnosti u kliničkoj praksi i zdravstvu. Potrebno je provesti još mnoga istraživanja kako bi se bolje razumjela uloga i točan mehanizam djelovanja drugih nutrijenata na funkciju imunosnog sustava.

Abstract (english)

Nutritional status and immune system are tightly linked so disrupted nutritional status can significantly impair its function and thus cause many diseases. Malnutrition is the most common cause of immunodeficiency worldwide. Protein-energy malnutrition is associated with lymphoid atrophy, impaired cell-mediated immunity, phagocyte function, complement system, delayed-type hypersensitivity responses of skin, reduced concentration of secreted IgA and reduced production of cytokines. Dietary fat has different effects on the body that depends on the amount and type of fat consumed. Some fats (eg. linoleic acid) can be transformed into biological mediators that can initiate or alter the number of processes in the body. Disrupted status of some micronutrients may also result in altered immune responses. Excessive intake of nutrients and obesity may also significantly diminish the immune system function. These data are of great importance in clinical practice and healthcare. It is necessary to conduct much more research for better understanding of the exact role and mechanism of action of other nutrients in immune system function.

• Keywords: nutritivni status; imunost; proteinsko-energetska malnutricija; prehrambene masti; mikronutrijenti; pretilost
• Keywords (english): nutritional status; immunity; protein-energy malnutrition; dietary fats; micronutrients; obesity
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:538316
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-05-16 13:38:49