Pročišćavanje otpadnih voda tekstilne industrije

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Purification of waste water of the textile industry
• Author: Marina Stanić
• Mentor: Tibela Landeka Dragičević (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Engineering); (Laboratory for the Biological Waste Water Treatment); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2010-09-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology

Abstract

Otpadne vode tekstilne industrije razlikuju se po količini i po sastavu, što ovisi o vrsti tekstilne sirovine i načinu obrade. Često su intenzivno obojene, alkalne, sadrže organske tvari (visoka vrijednost BPK5 i KPK) i znatne količine masnoća i deterdženata. Odluka o načinu efikasnog, ekološkog i ekonomski isplativog pročišćavanja otpadnih voda donosi se nakon analize otpadnih voda i nakon pročišćavanja vode na pilot postrojenju ili poluindustrijskom postrojenju. Mehaničkim pročišćavanjem uklanja se manji dio onečišćenja, dok veći dio ostaje u otpadnim vodama i uklanja se biološkim ili fizikalno-kemijskim pročišćavanjem. Biološko pročišćavanje otpadnih voda temelji se na aktivnosti mikroorganizama koji razgrađuju organsku tvar. Pri toj razgradnji organska tvar služi kao hrana za izgradnju novih stanica, a pritom nastaju plinovi i nerazgradivi ostatak. Od bioloških postupaka za pročišćavanje otpadnih voda tekstilne industrije u obzir dolazi pročišćavanje u aeriranim lagunama, zatim pomoću bioloških filtara- prokapnika, a najčešće se provodi proces s aktivnim muljem. Anaerobna razgradnja otpadnih voda tekstilne industrije sve više istiskuje iz upotrebe aerobnu.

Abstract (english)

Effluents in the textile industry differ by quantity and composition, and it depends on the type of textile raw materials and treatment. The effluents are frequently heavily dyed, alkaline, contain organic substances (high values of biological and chemical oxygen demand) and considerable amounts of fats and detergents. The decision on a method of efficient, enviroment-friendly and cost-effective effluent purification is made after an analysis of effluents and after purifying water in a pilot-plant or semi-industrial plant. By mechanical purifying a smaller part of contamination is removed, whereas a greater part remains in effluents and is removed by biological or physico-chemical purifying. Biological purification of effluents is based on activities of microorganisms decomposing organic matter. In this decomposion organic matter serves as nourishment for building new cells, whereby gases and undecomosable residue develop. Among biological methods for purifying effluents in the textile industry, purification in aired lagoons, by means of biological filters- filtering units is considered, and in most cases the process with active carbon is applied. Anaerobic decomposition of textile effluents increasingly replaces the use of aerobic decomposition.

• Keywords: otpadne vode; organske tvari; pročišćavanje; tekstilna industrija
• Keywords (english): waste water; organic matter; purification; textile industry
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:152660
• Study programme: Title: Biotechnology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-06-07 11:09:03