| Abstract | Aflatoksini (AF) su sekundarni metaboliti plijesni iz rodova Aspergillus, Penicillium i Fusarium. Pronađeni su u hrani biljnog i životinjskog podrijetla, naročito u orasima, uljaricama, kikirikiju i kukuruzu. Za ovo istraživanje korišteno je 5 različitih uzoraka kikirikija, 4 uzorka pistacija, 5 uzoraka oraha, 5 uzoraka lješnjaka, 4 uzorka badema, 5 uzoraka grožđica, 5 uzoraka smokava i 3 uzorka marelica, koji predstavljaju prehrambene proizvode dostupne na hrvatskom tržištu. Analiza je provedena u Krašu, prehrambena industrija d.d., Zagreb, ELISA metodom na Stat Fax Microstrip Readeru. U svim uzorcima grožđica, marelica, smokava, badema i kikirikija koncentracija AF je iznosila 0 μg x kg-1, dok se u uzorcima pistacija kretala od 0-14,0 μg x kg-1, u orasima od 0-1,9 μg x kg-1 a u lješnjacima od 0-1,1 μg x kg-1. Istraživani uzorak pistacija nepoznatog podrijetla najviše je bio kontaminiran s AF. Pravilnik o toksinima Republike Hrvatske dozvoljava najveću dopuštenu koncentraciju ukupnih AF 4,0 μg x kg-1 u kikirikiju, lješnjaku i sušenom voću. |
| Abstract (english) | Aflatoxins (AF) are secondary metabolite of the mould of the genus Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. They were found in food of vegetable and animal origin, particulary walnuts, peanuts and corn. For this research it was used 5 different specimens of peanuts, 4 speciments of pistacio, 5 speciments of walnuts, 5 speciments of hazelnuts, 4 speciments of almond, 5 speciments of raisins, 3 speciments of apricots and 5 speciments of figs, all of which represent foodstuffs available on the Croatian market. The analysis was conduced in Kraš d.d., Zagreb. The method applied was the ELISA method on Stat Fax Microstrip Reader. The AF concentration in all specimens of almond, raisins, apricots and figs was 0 μg x kgˉ¹, in pistacio was between 0-14,0 μg x kgˉ¹, in walnuts between 0-1,9 μg x kgˉ¹ and in hazelnuts between 0-1,1 μg x kgˉ¹. Highest concentration of AF contamination was found in pistacio whose origin was not known. AF concentration allowed by the Toxin Regulation valid in Republic of Croatia in peanuts, walnuts and dried fruits amounts to 4,0 μg x kg-1. |
