Određivanje nikotina i trend njegova smanjenja u duhanu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Determination of nicotine and trend of its reduction in tobacco
• Author: Ana-Marija Jurić
• Mentor: Zorislav Đaković (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Process Engineering); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2007-03-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Food Technology

Abstract

Duhan je zeljasta biljka koja sadrži mješavinu različitih organskih i anorganskih tvari. Najvažniji sastojci duhanske biljke su nikotin, bjelačevine, ukupni dušik i šećeri. Količina kemijskih komponenti ovisi o genetskoj konstituciji biljke, operacijama u proizvodnji, sušenju, obradi duhana i uvjetima okoline. Alkaloidi su bazične tvari koje sadrže heterocikličke spojeve dušika. Glavni alkaloid u duhanu je nikotin te je utvrđeno da sadržaj nikotina ovisi o položaju lista na stabljici. On ima fiziološki, narkotični, toksični i kumulativni učinak na organizam čovjeka. Sadržaj dušika i proteina mijenja se s promjenom boje i kvalitete tkiva, a manje ovisi o položaju lista na stabljici. Količina šećera ovisi o kvaliteti tkiva lista, pogoršanjem kvalitete se smanjuje količina šećera. Eksperimentalnim radom su određene količine nikotina, šećera i bjelančevina za duhan tipa virdžinije, orijentalnog duhana i burleya te odstupanja od srednje vrijednosti za količine tih sastojaka. Utvrđen je i utjecaj kemijskih sastojaka na kvalitetu i uporabnu vrijednost duhana. Količina nikotina u svim duhanskim proizvodima je znatno smanjena u zadnjih nekoliko godina sa tendencijom još većeg smanjenja.

Abstract (english)

Tobacco is a green type of a plant which contains a mixture of different organic and inorganic substances. The most important compounds of tobacco plant are nicotine, proteins, total nitrogen and sugar. The amount of chemical compounds depend on genetic construction of the plant, operations during production, drying, treatment of tobacco and environment conditions. Alkaloides are lye substances which contains heterocyclic compounds of nitrogen. Basic alkaloide in tobacco is nicotine and it is established that nicotine content is in relation to the leaf position. Nicotine has physiological, narcotic, toxic and cumulatively effect on the human body. The content of nitrogen and proteins is changing with the change of a color and leaf quality, but is less related to the plant position. The level of sugar depends on leaf quality and bad quality means low sugar level. With experimental work, we detected a share of nicotine, sugar and proteins on virginia tobacco, oriental tobacco and burley tobacco, and deviations of their middle value. We determined an effect of chemical compounds on quality and use of tobacco. The level of nicotine in all tobacco products is significantly reduced past few years, with tendency of reduction.

• Keywords: bjelančevine; burley; nikotin; šećer; virdžinija
• Keywords (english): burley; nicotine; proteins; sugar; virginia
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:773603
• Study programme: Title: Food Technology; specializations in: Food Engineering; Course: Food Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: diplomirani inženjer prehrambene tehnologije; smjer prehrambeno inženjerstvo (diplomirani inženjer prehrambene tehnologije; smjer prehrambeno inženjerstvo)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-09-06 12:01:43