Etika i alternativni modeli u toksikološkim istraživanjima

master's thesis

• Title (english): Ethics and alternative methods in toxicology studies
• Author: Morana Roller
• Mentor: Ivana Kmetič (mentor)
• Committee member: Teuta Murati (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry); (Laboratory for Toxicology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-02-05, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology

Abstract

Korištenje pokusnih životinja, embrija, humanog i animalnog tkiva, kultura stanica i fetalnog seruma u toksikološkim istraživanjima smatra se etički upitnim te je ograničeno zakonima, pravilnicima i praksama. Razmatranjem načina kojima bi se nehumanost mogla izbjeći, došlo je do razvoja 3R modela - akronim za tri pristupa koji bi se trebala provoditi po ovom načelu pri istraživanjima na pokusnim životinjama, a to su: smanjenje (engl. Reduction), zamjena (engl. Replacement) i poboljšanje (engl. Refinement). Kod ispitivanja dermalne toksičnosti moguća je zamjena in vivo testova alternativnim metodama. Kožne reakcije preosjetljivosti su česte i nužno je ispitati potencijal izazivanja takvih reakcija za sastojke kozmetičkih proizvoda. Kako bi se izbjeglo ispitivanje na životinjama zbog zakonskih ograničenja, razvijeni su i evaluirani mnogi alternativni testovi. In vitro metode (npr. KeratinoSens i LuSens testovi) omogućuju predviđanje kožne preosjetljivosti ispitivanjem učinaka na uzgojene kulture stanica. In chemico testovi ne koriste stanice, nego prate vezanje tvari na sintetske peptide strukturno slične proteinima u koži. Integriranim pristupom moguće je ispitati potencijal kožne preosjetljivosti isključivo alternativnim metodama.

Abstract (english)

Using animals, embryo, human and animal tissues, cell cultures and fetal serum in toxicology testing is considered ethically questionable and is restricted by laws, policies and practices. Considering the principles of inhumanity avoidance, 3R model was developed - an acronym for reduction, replacement and refinement, the three basic rules that should be applied in animal testing. Replacement of animal testing with an alternative could be possible for dermal toxicity studies. Skin sensitivity is a common condition and skin-sensitizing capacity of cosmetic products needs to be determined. To avoid animal testing for cosmetics due to legal restrictions, many alternative tests have been developed and evaluated. In vitro methods, such as KeratinoSensTM and LuSens can determine skin-sensitizing potential of chemicals by capturing key events in skin sensitivity on cell lines. In chemico tests are cell-free tests that determine skin-sensitization potential by measuring depletion of synthetic peptides. Integrated approach can determine skin-sensitization potential using only non-animal methods.

• Keywords: alternativni testovi toksičnosti; bioetika; dermalna toksičnost; in vitro toksikologija; pokusne životinje
• Keywords (english): alternative toxicity testing; bioethics; dermal toxicity; in vitro toxicology; test animals
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:022324
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biotechnology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka molekularne biotehnologije (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka molekularne biotehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-05-07 11:01:27