Određivanje sastava lignoceluloznih hidrolizata pomoću tekućinske kromatografije visoke djelotvornosti

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of lignocellulosic hydrolysates composition
• Author: Lucija Mušak
• Mentor: Mirela Ivančić - Šantek (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Biochemical Engineering); (Laboratory for Biochemical Engineering, Industrial Microbiology and Malting and Brewing Technology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-09-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology

Abstract

Svjetska potražnja za fosilnim resursima za proizvodnju energije, kemikalija i materijala u stalnom je porastu, kako bi se zadovoljile potrebe brzorastućih gospodarstva zemalja poput Kine i Indije, uzrokujući kontinuirani rast cijena nafte. Proizvodnja biogoriva iz obnovljivih izvora postaje moguća alternativa fosilnim gorivima. Lignoceluloza je najzastupljeniji organski materijal na zemlji i jeftina obnovljiva sirovina za proizvodnju biogoriva. Međutim, zbog složene strukture, lignocelulozna biomasa mora biti podvrgnuta predobradi, te hidrolizi polisaharida u šećerne monomere, koje mikroorganizmi mogu asimilirati. Priprema lignocelulozne biomasa uključuje mljevenje i / ili drobljenje, te hidrolizu razrijeđenom kiselinom (obično s H2SO4). U ovom radu određene su koncentracije šećera monomera u kiselinskom hidrolizatu uobičajenih lignoceluloznih sirovina u Hrvatskoj, kukuruznog oklaska, kukuruzovine i sijena. Kiselinski hidrolizati lignoceluloze analizirani su primjenom dvije HPLC kromatografske kolone za razdvajanje šećernih monomera, Supelcogel C610H (Supelco) i Rezex RPM Pb2 + (Phenomenex). Najzastupljeniji ugljikohidrati u analiziranoj lignoceluloznoj biomasi bili su glukan i ksilan. Sijeno, kukuruzni oklasak i kukuruzovina sadržavali su 38,71%, 32,57% i 36,49% glukana, odnosno 19,99%, 29,01% i 32,01% ksilana.

Abstract (english)

Worldwide demand for fossil-resource to produce energy, chemicals and materials is steadily increasing, in order to satisfy the fast growing economies of countries such as China and India, causing continuous rise of petroleum prices. Production of biofuels from renewable resources is becoming promising alternative to fossil fuels. Lignocellulose is the most abundant organic material on earth and cheap renewable resource for biofuel production. However, due to complex structure, lignocellulosic biomass has to be subjected to pretreatment and hydrolysis of polysaccharides to sugar monomers, which can be assimilated by microorganisms. The pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass comprises milling and/or grinding and dilute acid hydrolysis (usually with H2SO4). In this work concentrations of sugar monomers in acid hydrolysate of the common lignocellulosic biomass in Croatia, corn cob, corn husk leaves and hay, were determined. Lignocellulose acid hydrolysates were analysed by HPLC using two chromatography columns for sugar monomer separation, Supelcogel C610H (Supelco) and Rezex RPM Pb2+ (Phenomenex). Most the most abundant carbohydrates in analysed lignocellusoic biomass were glucan i xylan. Hay, corn cob and corn husk leaves contained 38,71 %, 32,57 % i 36,49 % glucan and 19,99 %, 29,01 %, 32,01 % xylan, respectively.

• Keywords: lignocelulozna biomasa; kiselinska hidroliza; HPLC; predobrada
• Keywords (english): lignocellulosic biomass; acid hydrolysis; HPLC; pretreatment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:463478
• Study programme: Title: Biotechnology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-04-27 11:52:38