Djelotvornost vitamina kao antioksidansa

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The effectiveness of vitamins as antioxidants
• Author: Irena Fabijančić
• Mentor: Irena Landeka Jurčević (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Quality Control); (Laboratory for Food Chemistry and Biochemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2013-06-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Food Technology

Abstract

Vitamini su organske tvari koje unosimo hranom, a djeluju kao biokatalizatori odnosno supstancije koje pomažu aktivirati druge reakcije u organizmu. Danas postoje najmanje tri zanimljiva znanstvena područja istraživanja učinaka vitamina, rezultati kojih se pokušavaju iskoristiti i u kliničkoj medicini. To su ispitivanja učinkovitosti nekih vitamina u oksidacijskom stresu, odnosno u prevenciji kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Treće područje važno za opću populaciju određivanje je dnevnog unosa vitamina i kvalitete prehrane u odnosu na očuvanje zdravlja. Za suvremenog čovjeka ipak su najzanimljiviji antioksidacijski učinci pojedinih vitamina. Reaktivni radikali kisika (ROS) stvaraju se tijekom različitih patoloških procesa u povećanim koncentracijama. Oni su uzrok peroksidacije lipida i oksidacije DNA i proteina zbog svoje visoke kemijske reaktivnosti. Međutim, mehanizmi antioksidacijske zaštite, uključujući različite antioksidacijske enzime i vitamine, sprječavaju oštećenja tkiva i druge komplikacije povezane s ROS. Usprkos često kontroverznim podacima epidemioloških i kliničkih studija, shvaćeno je kako dodatni unos pojedinih vitamina i minerala u dnevnim količinama jednakim ili iznad RDA nije koristan samo za sprečavanje bolesti povezanih s njihovim deficitom nego i za optimalni razvoj i održavanje fizioloških funkcija i/ili prevenciju nekih degenerativnih bolesti.

Abstract (english)

Vitamins are organic substances that we intake with our foods, and that act as biocatalysts, substances that help to trigger other reactions in the body. There are today at least three interesting scientific areas investigating the effects of vitamins and their results being implemented into the clinical medicine. They include trials of some vitamins' effects in treating antioxidant stress and in prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Another aspect important to general population is determination of daily intake of vitamins and the quality of nutrition (diet) regarding the health preservation. However, the antioxidant effects of vitamins are the most interesting for the contemporary human. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during different pathological processes in increased concentrations. They cause lipid peroxidation and oxidation of DNA and proteins due to their high chemical reactivity. However, antioxidative defense mechanisms, including different antioxidant enzymes and vitamins, prevent tissue damages and other ROS-related complications. In spite of often-controversial data of epidemiological and clinical studies, it seems that vitamin and mineral intake in doses equal or even higher than RDA not only benefits prevention of diseases related to their deficiency but also helps optimal development and upkeep of physiologic function and/or prevention of some degenerative diseases.

• Keywords: vitamin C; vitamin E; vitamin A; antioksidansi; oksidacijski stres
• Keywords (english): vitamin C; vitamin E; vitamin A; antioxidant; oxidative stress
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:397234
• Study programme: Title: Food Technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prehrambene tehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prehrambene tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-05-04 09:05:49