Epitelno-mezenhimska tranzicija u glioblastomima

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Epithelial-mesencymal transition
• Author: Petra Crnković
• Mentor: Reno Hrašćan (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Biochemical Engineering); (Laboratory for Biology and Microbial Genetics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-06-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) je najzloćudniji i najinvazivniji tumor središnjeg živčanog sustava te se prema kriterijima Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije svrstava pod astrocitom gradusa IV. U razvoju bolesti ključan je proces epitelno-mezenhimske tranzicije (EMT). EMT je proces koji se normalno pojavljuje tijekom fizioloških procesa embriogeneze i zacijeljivanja rana. Međutim, EMT u stanicama GBM inducira mezenhimski fenotip stanica, uključujući sposobnost metastaziranja, invazije i otpornost na apoptozu. Na taj način tumor postaje zloćudan te počinje invazivno rasti i metastazirati. Pokretanje EMT uzrokuju različiti signalni putevi stimulirani faktorima rasta, koji uzrokuju povećanu aktivaciju transkripcijskih faktora, koji onda smanjuju ekspresiju različitih epitelnih markera, a povećavaju ekspresiju mezenhimskih markera. Pacijenti s GBM imaju izrazito lošu prognozu. Zbog toga, znanstvenici iz područja onkologije teže otkrićima novih tretmana koji će prevladati difuznu prirodu GBM i njegovu rezistentnost na zračenje. U ovom radu promatrana su dva potencijalna terapijska tretmana koji bi mogli inhibirati migraciju i invaziju stanica GBM: liječenje pacijenata s kalikozinom izoliranog iz biljke Radix astragali i implantantom radioaktivnog joda (125I).

Abstract (english)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and the most invasive tumor of central nervous system, and is classified as grade IV astrocytoma by the criteria of The world Health Organization. A key process in the development of the disease is epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a process that normally accur during the physiological processes of embryogenesis and wound healing. However, EMT in GBM cells induces a mesenchymal cell phenotype, including enhanced migratory properties, invasiveness, and resistence to apoptosis. On that way tumor becomes malignant and starts to grow and metastasize. Initiating of EMT is caused by various signalling pathways stimulated by growth factors, which cause the increased activation of transcription factors, which then decrease expression of various epithelial markers and increase expression of messenchymal markers. Patients with GBM have an extremely poor prognosis. Thus, the discovery of novel treatments that can overcome the diffuse nature of GBM and its radioresistance has been an aspiration of scientists in the fields of oncology. This paper studied two potential therapeutic treatments that could inhibit migration and invasion of GBM cells: treatment of patients with calycosin derived from herb Radix astragali and radioactive 125I seeds.

• Keywords: glioblastoma multiforme; epitelno-mezenhimska tranzicija; metastaziranje; signalni putevi
• Keywords (english): glioblastoma miltiforme; epithelial-mezenchymal transition; metastasis; signalling pathways
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:590960
• Study programme: Title: Biotechnology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-04-21 12:20:14