Aflatoksin b1 i okratoksin a u hrani životinjskog podrijetla

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Aflatoxin b1 and ochratoxin a in food of animal origin
• Author: Valentina Lovreško
• Mentor: Ivana Kmetič (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry); (Laboratory for Toxicology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2011-09-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition

Abstract

Mikotoksini su sekundarni toksični metaboliti plijesni različitih rodova. Oni ispoljavaju toksične učinke u životinja i ljudi, a oboljenja se nazivaju mikotoksikoze. Aflatoksin B1 (AFB1) je mikotoksin kojeg sintetiziraju plijesni uglavnom roda Aspergillus, najviše A. flavus i A. parasiticus. Pripisuje mu se karcinogenost, mutagenost, teratogenost i imunosupresivno djelovanje te je smatran najjačim hepatokarcinogenom u sisavaca. Okratoksin A (OTA) proizvode plijesni iz rodova Aspergillus i Penicillium, najviše A. ochraceus, P. verrucosum i P. nordicum. Smatra se da ima snaţno teratogeno, karcinogeno, imunotoksično i izraženo nefrotoksično djelovanje. Opasnosti od mikotoksina proizlaze ili iz direktne kontaminacije poljoprivrednih proizvoda ili iz prijenosa („carry-over“) mikotoksina i njihovih metabolita sa životinja na ljude putem proizvoda od životinja s obzirom da mikotoksini zaostaju u tkivu, mlijeku i jajima životinja koje su konzumirale kontaminirane proizvode. U ovom radu određene su koncentacije okratoksina A i aflatoksina B1 u odabranim namirnicama životinjskog podrijetla pri čemu su najviše koncentracije AFB1 (0,28 ng/g) i OTA (1,32 ng/g) nađene u uzorku domaće trajne kobasice.

Abstract (english)

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites generated in molds of different genera. They exhibit different toxic effects in animals and humans - the diseases commonly called mycotoxicoses. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin which is synthesized mainly by Aspergillus species (A. flavus and A. parasiticus). AFB1 is a toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and immunosuppressive compound and it is considered as one of the most potent known hepatocarcinogens. Ochratoxin A is a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species, mainly A. ochraceus, P. verrucosum and P. nordicum. It is found that OTA has strong immunotoxic, teratogenic, carcinogenic and predominantly nephrotoxic properties. The risk of mycotoxins results from direct contamination of agricultural products or from the transfer ("carry-over") of mycotoxins and their metabolites from animals to humans through foodstuffs of animal origin considering that mycotoxins remain in tissues, milk and eggs of animals that have consumed the contaminated feed. In this work, concentrations of AFB1 and OTA in selected food of animal origin were determined, among which the highest levels of AFB1 (0.28 ng/g) and OTA (1.32 ng/g) were found in a sample of homemade sausages.

• Keywords: aflatoksin B1; okratoksin A; toksičnost; hrana životinjskog podrijetla; ELISA metoda
• Keywords (english): aflatoxin B1; ochratoxin A; toxicity; food of animal origin; ELISA method
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:219496
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-05-18 13:01:08