Organizacija bakterijskog kromosoma

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Bacterial chromosome organisation
• Author: Dajana Kolanović
• Mentor: Višnja Bačun-Družina (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Biochemical Engineering); (Laboratory for Biology and Microbial Genetics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology

Abstract

Molekula DNA je izuzetna molekula za pohranu genskih informacija, ali linearno kodiranje zahtijeva neumjereno dugu molekulu i tako su bakterijski kromosomi mnogo dulji nego stanice u kojima se nalaze, otprilike 1000 puta. Ova velika količina DNA predstavlja izazovan organizacijski problem, no bakterijski nukleoid je prostorno orijentiran i vrlo organiziran unutar stanice. Takva organizacija se prenosi s jedne generacije na drugu progresivnom segregacijom kromosoma kćeri te sidrenjem DNA u staničnoj membrani. U mnogim prokariotskim organizmima događa se DNA metilacija, kemijska modifikacija DNA. Najpoznatija uloga metilacije DNA je kao komponenta restrikcijsko-modifikacijskog sustava, ali DNA metilacija može također djelovati neovisno od restrikcijsko-modifikacijskog sustava te imati funkciju u regulaciji genoma.

Abstract (english)

The DNA molecule is a remarkably simple and elegant storage medium for genetic information, but linear encoding demands an inordinately long molecule, and so, bacterial chromosomes are much longer than the cells in which they reside, approximately 1000 times. So, this crowded mass of DNA poses a challenging organizational problem, but the bacterial nucleoid is reliably oriented and highly organized within the cell. Such organization is transmitted from one generation to the next by progressive segregation of daughter chromosomes and anchoring of DNA to the cell envelope. DNA methylation is a chemical modification of DNA present in many prokaryotic genomes. The best-known role of DNA methylation is as a component of restriction-modification systems, but DNA methylation may also act independently of RM systems and function in genome regulation.

• Keywords: bakterijski kromosom; organizacija DNA; segregacija DNA; metilacija DNA
• Keywords (english): bacterial chromosome; DNA organization; DNA segregation; DNA methylation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:835508
• Study programme: Title: Biotechnology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biotehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-04-24 13:41:08