Uloga retinoične kiseline u regulaciji transkripcije gena

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Role of retinoic acid in regulation of gene transcription
• Author: Romana Popović
• Mentor: Vladimir Mrša (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry); (Laboratory for Biochemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-09-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition; Food Chemistry and Biochemistry

Abstract

Retinoidi, uključujući retinoičnu kiselinu, su spojevi odgovorni za regulaciju normalnih bioloških procesa poput embrionskog razvoja, diferencijacije stanica, metabolizma, reprodukcije, vida. All-trans retinoična kiselina (aTRA) kao glavna signalna molekula i ligand regulira transkripciju gena vežući se na retinoidne receptore (RAR i RXR) unutar stanične jezgre. Vezanje liganda uzrokuje konformacijsku promjenu receptora, korepresorski proteini su potom disocirani što omogućava regrutaciju koaktivatora. Posljedično, receptor se veže na tzv. element odgovora retinoične kiseline (RARE) smješten u promotorskoj regiji ciljnih gena i tako pozitivno ili negativno regulira transkripciju. Također, često se u proces regulacije transkripcije ubrajaju fosforilacija i ubikvitin-proteosom sistem kao daljnji procesi. Identifikacijom gena koji sadrže RARE u promotoru i analizom funkcija proteina kodiranih tim genima utvrđeno je da je značajan udio uključen u proces diferencijacije stanica, kao i metabolizam. No, potrebna su daljnja istraživanja kako bi se opisale i druge uloge retinoida u staničnom metabolizmu kojih očito ima još.

Abstract (english)

Retinoids, including retinoic acid, are compounds responsible for normal biological processes such as embrionic development, cell differentiation, metabolism, reproduction, vision. All-trans retinoic acid (aTRA) as the main signal molecule and ligand regulates gene transcription by binding retinoid receptors (RAR and RXR) within cell nucleus. Binding of the ligand induces conformational change of receptor, corepressor proteins are then dissociated enabling coactivators to recruit. Consequently, receptor binds to so called retinoic acid response element (RARE) located in the promoter region of target genes and thus up-regulates or down-regulates transcription, respectively. Phosphorylation and ubiquitin-proteasome system are also involved as further processes in regulation of transcription. By identifying genes containing RARE in its promoter and analysing functions of encoded proteins, it has been found that majority is involved in cell diferentiation and metabolism. Still, further studies are needed to describe other roles of retinoids in cell metabolism which are apparently present.

• Keywords: receptor; retinoična kiselina; geni; transkripcija
• Keywords (english): receptor; retinoic acid; genes; transcription
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:417571
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) nutricionizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2015-12-16 11:25:31