Učinak gama zračenja i hladne plazme na smanjenje koncentracije T-2 i HT-2 toksina u žitaricama

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): The effect of gamma irradiation and cold plasma on reduction of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in cereals
• Author: Maja Kiš
• Mentor: Jelka Pleadin (mentor)
• Committee member: Ksenija Markov (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Quality Control); (Laboratory for Food Quality Control); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-05-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 615 - Pharmacology. Therapeutics. Toxicology

Abstract

Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati pojavnost i omjere T-2 i HT-2 toksina u različitim žitaricama, uz praćenje klimatskih čimbenika, te učinak suvremenih fizikalnih metoda gama zračenja i hladne plazme na smanjenje njihove koncentracije, uz utvrđivanje utjecaja primijenjenih metoda na nutritivni sastav žitarica. U svrhu detekcije i kvantifikacije T-2 i HT-2 toksina razvijena je i validirana visoko osjetljiva potvrdna metoda tekućinske kromatografije u kombinaciji s masenom spektrometrijom (LC-MS/MS). Rezultati pokazuju značajnu pojavnost T-2 i HT-2 toksina u analiziranim žitaricama, primarno u zobi (70,0 %) te potom u ječmu (40,9 %), kukuruzu (26,8 %) i pšenici (19,2 %). Pritom je najveća utvrđena vrijednost sume T-2/HT-2 dobivena u kukuruzu iznosila 332,3 μg/kg. Smanjenje sadržaja T-2 i HT-2 toksina gama zračenjem ovisno je o brzini i primjenjenoj dozi zračenja, a postignuto je smanjenje koncentracije T-2 toksina od 51,3 % i HT-2 toksina od 56,6 %. Utjecaj hladne plazme na smanjenje koncentracije T-2 i HT-2 ovisi o vremenu izlaganja i radnom plinu. Nakon tretmana dušikovom plazmom s izvorom sinusoidalnog napona postignuta redukcija T-2 toksina iznosi 47,1 %, a HT-2 toksina 31,2 %. Za razliku od tretmana hladnom plazmom, primjena gama zračenja ne uzrokuje promjene u nutritivnom sastavu zobenog brašna.

Abstract (english)

Aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and ratios of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in different cereals, with monitoring of climatic factors, and to establish the effect of modern physical methods, gamma irradiation and cold plasma, on reduction of T-2 and HT-2 toxins accompanied by monitoring of the influence of applied methods on nutritive composition of cereals. For this purpose, highly sensitive confirmatory liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LCMS/ MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of T-2 and HT-2 toxins. The obtained results show significant occurence of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in analysed cereals, primarily in oats (70.0 %) and subsequently in barley (40.9 %), maize (26.8 %) and wheat (19.2 %). The maximal summary concentration of T-2/HT-2 was determined in maize (332.3 μg/kg). Reduction of T-2 and HT-2 toxins by gamma iraddiation is dependent on the radiation dose and dose rate applied, with maximal T-2 toxin reduction of 51.3% and HT-2 toxin of 56.6 % achieved. The effect of cold plasma on T-2 and HT-2 toxin reduction depends on exposure time and working gas type. After treatment with sinusoidal cold nitrogen plasma, the achieved maximal reduction of T-2 toxin was 47.1 % and HT-2 toxin 31.2 %. Unlike cold plasma treatment, gamma irradiation does not cause changes in the nutritive composition of oatmeal.

• Keywords: gama zračenje; hladna plazma; HT-2 toksin; LC-MS/MS metoda; mikotoksini; nutritivna analiza; pojavnost; T-2 toksin
• Keywords (english): gamma irradiation; cold plasma; HT-2 toxin; LC-MS/MS method; mycotoxins; nutritive composition; prevelance; T-2 toxin
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:351128
• Study programme: Title: Postgraduate PhD Study in Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti (doktor/doktorica znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 167 str. : 30 cm
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2021-02-18 12:17:53