Utjecaj prehrambenih navika i nutritivne intervencije na parametre metaboličkog sindroma u hospitaliziranih osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): The impact of dietary habits and nutritional intervention on metabolic syndrome parameters in hospitalized schizophrenic patients
• Author: Tamara Sorić
• Mentor: Ivana Rumbak (mentor)
• Committee member: Martina Bituh (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Quality Control); (Laboratory for Nutrition Science); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-12-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 613 - Hygiene. Personal health and hygiene. Dietetics. Occupational diseases. Addictions. Sexual hygiene

Abstract

Do danas, ni u općoj populaciji ni u osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije, nije definiran nutritivni pristup koji bi bio najadekvatniji za tretman metaboličkog sindroma. U ovom istraživanju cilj je bio utvrditi učestalost metaboličkog sindroma i prehrambene navike u hospitaliziranih osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije dobi ≥ 18 godina (n = 259). Utvrđena prevalencija metaboličkog sindroma iznosila je 47,9 %, a između ispitanika s i bez metaboličkog sindroma nije bilo statistički značajne razlike s obzirom na prehrambene navike. Određeni ispitanici s metaboličkim sindromom (n = 79) uključeni su u randomizirani kontrolirani pokus koji je za primarni cilj imao utvrditi utjecaj nutritivne intervencije, odnosno primjene dijetetskog pristupa za sprječavanje hipertenzije (DASH dijete) na metabolički sindrom i njegove parametre. Ukupno je 67 ispitanika (n = 33 u eksperimentalnoj skupini i n = 34 u kontrolnoj skupini) završilo istraživanje u trajanju od tri mjeseca. Eksperimentalna skupina dobivala je obroke pripremljene prema načelima DASH dijete s restrikcijom energijskog unosa od otprilike 400 kcal/dan u usporedbi sa standardnom bolničkom prehranom koju je dobivala kontrolna skupina. Obje su skupine tijekom intervencije sudjelovale u programu nutritivnih edukacija. Nakon tri mjeseca došlo je do statistički značajnog smanjenja prevalencije metaboličkog sindroma i u eksperimentalnoj (prevalencija nakon intervencije 75,8 %; p = 0,002) i u kontrolnoj skupini (prevalencija nakon intervencije 67,7 %; p = 0,0003). Između eksperimentalne i kontrolne skupine nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u prevalenciji metaboličkog sindroma i njegovih parametara. Iako DASH dijeta u usporedbi sa standardnom bolničkom prehranom nije rezultirala statistički značajnim smanjenjem prevalencije metaboličkog sindroma i njegovih parametara, dovela je do značajnih poboljšanja kakvoće prehrane i prehrambenih navika hospitaliziranih osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije s metaboličkim sindromom.

Abstract (english)

Until today, the nutritional approach that would be the most efficient in the treatment of metabolic syndrome has not been defined neither in the general population nor in people diagnosed with schizophrenia. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the dietary habits in hospitalized patients diagnosed with schizophrenia aged ≥ 18 years (n = 259). The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 47.9 %. There were no statistically significant differences found between the participants with and without metabolic syndrome with respect to dietary habits. Several participants with metabolic syndrome (n = 79) were included in a randomized controlled trial which primary outcome was to determine the impact of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet nutritional intervention on metabolic syndrome and its parameters. A total of 67 participants (n = 33 in the experimental group and n = 34 in the control group) completed a three-month study. The experimental group received meals prepared according to the principles of the DASH diet with an energy intake restriction of approximately 400 kcal/day compared to the standard hospital diet given to the control group. Both groups participated in a nutritional education program. Upon the expiry of the three months' period, the metabolic syndrome prevalence significantly decreased in both the experimental (prevalence after the intervention 75.8 %; p = 0.002) and the control group (prevalence after the intervention 67.7 %; p = 0.0003). At the end of the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its parameters between the groups. However, although the DASH diet when compared to the standard hospital diet did not result in a statistically significant reduction of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its parameters, it led to significant improvements in diet quality and dietary habits of hospitalized schizophrenic patients with metabolic syndrome.

• Keywords: DASH dijeta; metabolički sindrom; nutritivna intervencija; prehrambene navike; shizofrenija
• Keywords (english): DASH diet; dietary habits; metabolic syndrome; nutritional intervention; schizophrenia
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:126434
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor znanosti/doktorica znanosti (doktor znanosti/doktorica znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 285 str. : 30 cm
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-02-18 13:37:22