Identifikacija i kvantifikacija biološki aktivnih spojeva odabranog mediteranskog bilja

master's thesis

• Title (english): Identification and quantification of biologically active compounds of selected Mediterranean plants
• Author: Danijela Pfeifer
• Mentor: Sandra Pedisić (mentor)
• Committee member: Zoran Zorić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Engineering); (Laboratory for drying Technologies and monitoring of biologically active compounds); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition

Abstract

Kadulja, lovor, mirta, pasji trn, rogač, timijan i tršlja su začinske i ljekovite biljke Mediteranskog područja koje imaju brojne potencijalne primjene zbog visokog sadržaja biološki aktivnih spojeva. Njihovi biljni ekstrakti koriste se u prehrambenoj i farmaceutskoj industriji te medicini. Kako bi dobiveni ekstrakti sadržavali što viši sadržaj bioaktivnih spojeva ključno je odabrati optimalnu metodu ekstrakcije. Cilj ovog rada bio je izolirati, identificirati i kvantificirati biološki aktivne spojeve navedenih biljaka izolirane uzastopnom ekstrakcijom s tri različita otapala (heksan, 80 %-tni aceton i 96 %-tni etanol) u ultrazvučnoj kupelji. Identifikacija i kvantifikacija bioaktivnih spojeva provedena je tekućinskom kromatografijom visoke djelotvornosti s UV-VIS/DAD detektorom i s dvojnom spektrometrijom masa. Dodatno je utvrđena antioksidacijska aktivnost dobivenih biljnih ekstrakata primjenom DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) radikala. Maseni udio karotenoida i klorofila u ekstraktima promatranih biljaka određeni su u rasponu od 25,12 mg 100 g s.tv.ˉ¹ u bobicama pasjeg trna do 97,60 mg 100 g s.tv.ˉ¹ u lišću tršlje te je 96 %-tni etanol bio najučinkovitije otapalo za ekstrakciju karotenoida i klorofila. S druge strane, otapalo s najvećom učinkovitošću za ekstrakciju polifenolnih spojeva bilo je 80 %-tni aceton te su maseni udjeli polifenolnih spojeva iznosili od 230,06 mg 100 g s.tv.ˉ¹ u mahunama rogača do 5356,29 mg 100 g s.tv.ˉ¹ u lišću tršlje. U usporedbi s udjelom karotenoida i klorofila, antioksidacijska aktivnost bila je u većoj mjeri u korelaciji s udjelom ukupnih polifenolnih spojeva. Najviše vrijednosti antioksidacijske aktivnosti uočene su u frakcijama s 80 %-tnim acetonom.

Abstract (english)

Sage, laurel, myrtle, sea-buckthorn, carob, thyme and mastic trees are spices and herbs from the Mediterranean area with many potential applications due to the high content of biologically active compounds. Their plant extracts are used in the food and pharmaceutical industry, as well as in medicine. In order to obtain plant extracts with the highest possible content of bioactive compounds, it is crucial to choose the optimal extraction method. The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and quantify biologically active compounds of the studied plant extracts obtained by successive extraction with three different solvents (hexane, 80% acetone and 96% ethanol) in an ultrasonic bath. Identification and quantification of bioactive compounds were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-VIS/DAD detector and tandem mass spectrometry. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts was determined using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical. The mass fractions of carotenoids and chlorophylls in the extracts of analyzed plants were determined in the range of 25.12 mg 100 g dwˉ¹ in sea-buckthorn berries up to 97.60 mg 100 g dwˉ¹ in mastic tree leaves, while 96% ethanol was the most efficient solvent for the extraction of carotenoids and chlorophylls. On the other hand, the solvent with the highest efficiency for the extraction of polyphenolic compounds was 80% acetone and the mass fractions of polyphenolic compounds were ranging from 230.06 mg 100 g dwˉ¹ in carob pods up to 5356.29 mg 100 g dwˉ¹ in mastic tree leaves. In comparison with the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls, antioxidant activity was more in correlation with the content of total polyphenolic compounds. The highest antioxidant activity values were observed in the fractions with 80% acetone.

• Keywords: bioaktivni spojevi; fenolni spojevi; pigmenti; mediteransko bilje; ultrazvučna ekstrakcija
• Keywords (english): bioactive compounds; phenolic compounds; pigments; Mediterranean plants; ultrasound-assisted extraction
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:676981
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra nutricionizma (magistar/magistra nutricionizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-10-27 09:17:38