Novonastali onečišćivači u otpadnoj vodi - pojavnost, zakonodavstvo i održive tehnologije obrade

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Emerging contaminants in wastewater - occurrence, regulations and sustainable treatment methods
• Author: Anita Ivek
• Mentor: Tibela Landeka Dragičević (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Engineering); (Laboratory for the Biological Waste Water Treatment); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-08, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Food Technology

Abstract

Sveprisutnost novonastalih onečišćivača (ECs, engl. Emerging contaminants), kao što su farmaceutski aktivni spojevi (PhACs, engl. Pharmaceutically active compounds), proizvodi za osobnu njegu (PCPs, engl. Personal care products), kemikalije koje remete rad endokrinog sustava (EDCs, engl. endocrine-disrupting chemicals) i dr. u vodenom okolišu te njihov negativan utjecaj na biosferu predstavlja velik izvor zabrinutosti. Također, njihova postojanost u vodenim sustavima i problematika uklanjanja zbog nedostatka toksikoloških podataka, područje je koje zahtjeva posebnu pažnju. Ovaj rad predstavlja pregled izvora, pojavnosti i ekotoksikoloških učinaka različitih ECs kao i održive tehnologije obrade i uklanjanja istih. Cilj dosadašnjih istraživanja je uklanjanje ili snižavanje koncentracije ECs na razine koje ne predstavljaju rizik za okoliš i ljude. S obzirom na ograničenja konvencionalnih bioloških metoda obrade, mnogi ECs i njihovi razgradni produkti dospijevaju u efluent sustava za obradu otpadnih voda. Iz tog su razloga, kao obećavajuća opcija, razvijene brojne napredne metode obrade koje uključuju kombinaciju bioloških, fizikalnih i kemijskih procesa. Ukratko su opisani načini izvedbe različitih bioloških procesa kao i hibridnih sustava obrade, naglašavajući prednosti i nedostatke, mehanizme uklanjanja i učinkovitost tehnika hibridizacije na poboljšanje uklanjanja odabranih ECs. Također, istaknuti su važeći zakonski propisi kojima se regulira prisutnost ECs i način njihova uklanjanja iz vodenih sustava te usklađenost hrvatskih zakona i pravilnika sa direktivama Europske Unije.

Abstract (english)

The ubiquity of emerging contaminants (ECs), such as pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), personal care products (PCPs), endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and others in the aquatic environment and their negative impact on the biosphere remains a major source of concern. Also, their persistence in water systems and the problem of removal due to the lack of toxicological data, is an area that requires special attention. This work presents an overview of the sources, occurrence and eco-toxicological effects of various ECs as well as sustainable technologies of processing and removal thereof. The aim of the previous studies is to remove or lower the concentration of present ECs to levels that do not pose a risk to the environment and humans. Given the limitations of conventional biological treatment methods, many ECs and their degradation products make their way into effluent wastewater treatment systems. For this reason, as a promising option, a number of advanced processing methods have been developed that include a combination of biological, physical and chemical processes. Here are briefly described ways of performing various biological processes as well as hybrid processing systems, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages, removal mechanisms and efficiency of hybridization techniques to improve the removal of selected ECs. Also, this paper lists the current legal regulations governing the presence of ECs and the manner of their removal from water systems and compliance of Croatian laws and regulations with EU directives.

• Keywords: novonastali onečišćivači; metode obrade; otpadna voda
• Keywords (english): emerging contaminants; tretament methods; wastewater
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:592154
• Study programme: Title: Food Technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prehrambene tehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prehrambene tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-04-16 08:30:08