Identifikacija ključnih mikrobnih vrsta u mikrobioti hrvatske populacije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Identification of core microbial species from Croatian population's microbiota
• Author: Bruna Krneta
• Mentor: Antonio Starčević (mentor)
• Mentor: Jurica Žučko (pomoć pri izradi, neposredni voditelj)
• Mentor: Damir Oros (pomoć pri izradi, neposredni voditelj)
• Committee member: Blaženka Kos (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jurica Žučko (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Novak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Biochemical Engineering); (Section for Bioinformatics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-04-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology

Abstract

Gastrointestinalna mikrobiota odraz je genetike, načina života i prehrane te je u neposrednoj vezi sa zdravljem pojedinca. Njena uloga u homeostazi organizma je esencijalna te je kao takva predmet sve češćih istraživanja sastava mikrobiote. Hrvatska prati trend urbanizacije, promjene načina života i prehrane koja sve više nalikuje zapadnjačkoj, a rezultat toga je visoka pojavnost pretilosti i kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti. Cilj ovog rada bio je odrediti raznolikost te taksonomski sastav crijevne mikrobiote 59 ispitanika metagenomskom analizom fecesa. Primjenjene su molekularno-genetičke metode lančana reakcija polimerazom i amplikon sekvenciranje, a rezultati su analizirani bioinformatičkom platformom. Širok raspon vrijednosti alfa raznolikosti te visoka razina beta raznolikosti potvrdile su značajne interpersonalne varijacije raznolikosti sastava. Biomarker pretilosti - povećan omjer koljena Firmicutes naspram Bacteroidota prisutan je u > 22 % ispitanika. Dominantni rodovi odraz su prehrane s prekomjernim unosom ugljikohidrata, animalnih proteina i zasićenih masti. U ispitanika narušenog zdravlja utvrđene su promjene zastupljenosti određenih bakterijskih rodova.

Abstract (english)

Gastrointestinal microbiota is affected by genetics, lifestyle and diet, and is correlated with health. Its role in organisms’ homeostasis is essential so microbiota has become a common research topic lately. Croatia follows a trend of urbanization, lifestyle and dietary changes belonging to a western culture dietary patterns that results with high occurrence of obesity and chronic diseases. The aim of this work was to determine diversity and taxonomy composition of microbiota of 59 individuals by feces metagenomic analysis. Methods including polymerase chain reaction and amplicon sequencing were applied and the obtained results were analyzed. Wide range of alpha diversity values and high beta diversity confirmed significant interpersonal variations of compositional diversity. The biomarker of obesity – high Firmicutes to Bacteroidota ratio was detected in > 22 % of participants. Key bacterial genera reflect the diet that includes high intake of carbohydrates, animal proteins and saturated fats. Relative abundances of specific genera are correlated in microbiota of unhealthy individuals.

• Keywords: gastrointestinalna mikrobiota; metagenom; amplikon sekvenciranje; bioinformatička platforma
• Keywords (english): gastrointestinal microbiota; metagenomic; amplicon sequencing; bioinformatic platform
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:687825
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biotechnology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka molekularne biotehnologije (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka molekularne biotehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-05-21 12:31:27