Muramil-peptidi - Struktura i biološka aktivnost

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Muramyl peptides - Structure and biological activity
• Author: Tanja Balać
• Mentor: Lidija Barišić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry); (Laboratory for Organic Chemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2012-06-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Food Technology

Abstract

Bakterijska stanična stijenka sačinjena je iz peptidoglikana (PGN) kojeg izgrađuju brojni glikanski lanci umreženi oligopeptidima. Glikanski lanci sadrže alternirajuće jedinice N-acetilglukozamina (GlcNAc) i N-acetilmuraminske kiseline (MurNAc) kopulirane s prirodnim aminokiselinama. Za vrijeme rasta bakterije, PGN podliježe enzimskoj degradaciji te se raspada na manje fragmente, tzv. muramil-peptide, koji sadrže barem jednu MurNAc i jednu aminokiselinu. Eksperimenti in vitro i in vivo ukazuju na jak utjecaj muramil-peptida na imunosustav. Naime, muramil-peptidi povećavaju otpornost na infekciju aktivirajući makrofage da stavaraju kisikove radikale koji mogu ubiti mikrobe. Budući da su muramilpeptidi prepoznati kao aktivni sastojci kompletnog Freundovog adjuvanta, istraživači su se usredotočili na identificiranje minimalne strukturne komponente neophodne za aktivnost adjuvanta. N-acetilmuramil-L-alanil-D-izoglutamin (muramil-dipeptid, MDP) predstavlja minimalnu strukturnu jedinicu bakterijske stanične stijenke s adjuvantskom aktivnošću.

Abstract (english)

The bacterial cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan (PGN) build up of numerous glycan chains that are cross-linked by oligopeptides. Glycan chains contain alternating Nacetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) subunits, with the amino acids coupled to the MurNAc. During bacterial growing, PGN undergo enzymatic degradation producing fragments named muramyl-peptides that bear at least one MurNAc and one amino acid moieties. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed strong influence of muramyl-peptides on the immune system. Namely, muropeptides can improve resistance to infection by activating macrophages to generate oxygen radicals which are able to kill microbes. Since muropeptides were recognized as the active components in Freund’s complete adjuvant, researches were focused on identification of minimal structural component required for adjuvant activity. N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (muramyl-dipeptide, MDP) represents minimal adjuvant-active subunit of bacterial cell walls.

• Keywords: muramil-peptidi; imunoadjuvansi; odnos struktura-aktivnost
• Keywords (english): muramyl-peptides; immunoadjuvants; structural-activity relationship (SAR)
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:403121
• Study programme: Title: Food Technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prehrambene tehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prehrambene tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-05-16 13:48:28