Razvoj biorafinerijskoga sustava za proizvodnju biogoriva i biokemikalija iz otpadnih lignoceluloznih sirovina

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Development of a bio-refinery system for biofuels and biochemicals production from waste lignocellulose-containing feedstocks
• Author: Nenad Marđetko
• Mentor: Božidar Šantek (mentor)
• Committee member: Blaženka Kos (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mario Novak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Natalija Velić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Biochemical Engineering); (Laboratory for Biochemical Engineering, Industrial Microbiology and Malting and Brewing Technology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-06-01, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 66 - Chemical technology. Chemical and related industries

Abstract

Biorafinerije su postrojenja za pretvorbu obnovljive biomase u različite kemikalije, materijale i goriva. Cilj biorafinerija je maksimalno iskorištavanje svih sastojaka biomase za proizvodnju primarnih i različitih sekundarnih proizvoda veće dodane vrijednosti. U ovom istraživanju razvijen je novi održivi biorafinerijski sustav za proizvodnju biogoriva i biokemikalija iz otpadnih lignoceluloznih sirovina. Primjenom fizikalno-kemijskih i enzimskih metoda provedena je uspješna predobrada različitih lignoceluloznih sirovina. U hranjivim podlogama dobivenima nakon kiselinske hidrolize kukuruznih oklasaka u visokotlačnom reaktoru i enzimske hidrolize predobrađenih kukuruznih oklasaka provedeni su bioprocesi s plijesni Mucor indicus DSM 2185 u tri laboratorijska bioreaktora različitih konstrukcija, te su proizvedene biokemikalije kao što su etanol, ksilitol i glicerol. Dodatno, nusproizvodi pojedinih postupaka proizvodnje enzima ili baznih kemikalija, kao što su tekući ostaci hranjivih podloga i biomasa plijesni, korišteni su za proizvodnju biomase nesumpornih ljubičastih bakterija (izolacija pigmenata) i izopropanola, te za izolaciju biomaterijala (hitina, hitozana i masnih kiselina) podupirući dodatno biorafinerijski sustav proizvodnje različitih bioproizvoda, a težeći principu tzv. „zero waste“ biorafinerije. Materijalnom bilancom je ustanovljeno da su za proizvodnju 1 kg etanola potrebna 7,48 kg kukuruznih oklasaka i 150,35 L 0,5% sumporne kiseline. Osim etanola dobiveno je i 2,39 kg izopropanola i 1,27 kg octene kiseline, dok je iz biomase plijesni i bakterija moguće izolirati 0,21 kg hitina, 0,14 kg hitozana, 0,18 kg masnih kiselina i 6,73 g pigmenata.

Abstract (english)

Biorefineries are plants used for the conversion of renewable biomass into various chemicals, materials, and fuels. The goal of biorefineries is the maximum utilization of all biomass components to produce primary and various secondary products of higher added value. In this research, a new sustainable biorefinery system for the production of biofuels and biochemicals from waste lignocellulosic raw materials was developed. Pre-processing of various lignocellulosic raw materials was performed using physio-chemical and enzymatic methods. In the substrates, obtained after acid hydrolysis of corn cobs in a high-pressure reactor and enzymatic hydrolysis of pre-treated corn cobs, bioprocesses were performed using Mucor indicus DSM 2185 as the working microorganism in three different types of laboratory bioreactors, which resulted in the production of different biochemicals such as bioethanol, xylitol, and glycerol. In addition, by-products of certain processes like the by-products of the enzyme production process or chemical production processes, such as waste media and mold biomass were respectively used, for the production of non-sulfur purple bacteria biomass (pigment isolation) and isopropanol production, and for different biomaterial isolation (chitin, chitosan, and fatty acids) which contributed to the approach of producing a range of different organic products and striving for the principle of so-called zero waste biorefineries. The material balance established that the production of 1 kg of ethanol requires 7,48 kg of corn cobs and 150,35 L of 0.5% sulfuric acid. In addition to ethanol, it is possible to obtain 2.39 kg of isopropanol and 1.27 kg of acetic acid. From the mold and bacterial biomass, it is possible to isolate 0.21 kg of chitin, 0.14 kg of chitosan, 0.18 kg of fatty acids, and 6.73 g of pigments.

• Keywords: biorafinerija; predobrada lignocelulozne sirovine; lignocelulolitički enzimi; bioetanol; biokemikalije; Mucor indicus DSM 2185; povećanje mjerila; izolacija proizvoda bioprocesa; ekstrakcija tekućetekuće
• Keywords (english): biorefinery; pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass; lignocellulolytic enzyme production; bioethanol; biochemicals; Mucor indicus DSM 2185; scale-up; bioprocess product isolation; liquid-liquid extraction
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:041695
• Promotion: 2022
• Study programme: Title: Postgraduate PhD Study in Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 256 str. ; 30 cm
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-11-09 14:36:22