Ultrastrukturne karakteristike kloroplasta s izmijenjenom ekspresijom senzorske kinaze CSK

master's thesis

• Title (english): Ultrastrucural properties of chloroplast CSK overexpressor
• Author: Morana Novak
• Mentor: Jasna Franekić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2013-02-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Food Technology

Abstract

Kloroplasti su stanični organeli alga i zelenih biljaka. Primarna zadaća kloroplasta je proces fotosinteze koji se odvija na tilakoidnim membranama. U genomu biljka Arabidopsis thaliana identificiran je gen koji kodira protein kloroplastnu senzorsku kinazu (CSK), dio pradavnih dvokomponentnih sustava. CSK je histidinska kinaza bakterijskog tipa pronađena u kloroplastima algi i biljaka koja povezuje fotosintezu sa ekspresijom gena u kloroplastu. Ciljevi ovoga rada su: istražiti da li je prekomjerna ekspresija proteina CSK povezana s mehanizmima fotomorfogeneze, te utvrditi moguće ultrastrukturne promjene kloroplasta biljaka Arabidopsis thaliana koje prekomjerno nakupljaju CSK protein i onih biljaka kod kojih je inaktivan gen CSK. S obzirom na uočene razlike kod CSK mutiranih biljaka, pretpostavlja se da postoji retrogradni put prijenosa signala koji utječe na fotomorfogenezu biljke. Utvrđeno je da pomanjkanje ili prekomjerna ekspresija CSK dovodi do promjena u udjelima tilakoidnih membrana što ukazuje na ulogu proteina CSK u podešavanju stehiometrije fotosustava. Uočene promjene u veličini kloroplasta također ukazuju na retrogradni put prijenosa signala koji su uključeni u biogenezu plastida.

Abstract (english)

Chloroplasts are organelles of algae and green plants. The primary role of the chloroplast is the process of photosynthesis, which takes place on the thylakoid membranes. The genome of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana identified a gene that encodes a chloroplast protein sensor kinase (CSK), part of ancient two-component systems. CSK is a type of bacterial histidine kinases found in the chloroplasts of algae and plants that links photosynthesis with gene expression in chloroplasts. The objectives of this research were to investigate whether the excessive expression of proteins associated with CSK photomorphogenesis mechanisms, and to identify possible ultrastructural changes in the chloroplasts of plants Arabidopsis thaliana, which accumulate CSK protein and those plants in which the CSK gene is inactive. Given the observed differences in CSK mutant plants, it is assumed that there is a retrograde way of transmitting signals that affect at photomorphogenesis in plants. It was found that overexpression and inactivation of CSK leads to changes in the proportions of thylakoids suggesting a role for CSK protein in the adjusting photosystem stoichiometry. The observed changes in the size of chloroplasts also suggest the retrograde route of transmission signals, which are involved in the biogenesis of plastids.

• Keywords: kloroplasti; Arabidopsis thaliana; CSK; fotosinteza; fotomorfogeneze
• Keywords (english): chloroplast; Arabidopsis thaliana; CSK; photosynthesis; photomorphogenesis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:241321
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra nutricionizma (magistar/magistra nutricionizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-05-05 11:31:40