Impact of acute fish oil omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation on endurance exercise in trained cyclists

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): Utjecaj akutne suplementacije omega-3 polinezasićenim masnim kiselinama iz ribljeg ulja na vježbu izdržljivosti kod utreniranih biciklista
• Author: Maša Srdić
• Mentor: Zvonimir Šatalić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ines Panjkota-Krbavčić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Quality Control); (Laboratory for Nutrition Science); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition

Abstract

Dietary supplementation with fish oil derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been suggested to improve endurance exercise performance by enhancing oxygen supply to tissues, among other. Unlike long-term supplementation lasting one week or more, few studies have investigated the effects of acute supplementation with a single-dose of omega-3 PUFAs (e.g. 4.7 g/day) on performance outcomes by monitoring cardiovascular functions. This double-blind, randomised, crossover, placebo-controlled study investigated the acute effects of single-dose supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs from fish oil on endurance exercise performance in trained cyclists. It was hypothesized that there would be improvements in both exercise performance and efficiency, with the possibility that different forms of the supplements would have different effects. Seven participants (25,3±3,86 years) underwent laboratory testing. They consumed one of three supplement options (pre-emulsified, non-emulsified and placebo supplement) in random order before completing a 120-min submaximal pre-load cycling exercise to measure markers of exercise efficiency. Following a 5-min rest, participants completed a target workload time trial to measure endurance exercise performance. Heart rate, blood pressure and venous blood samples were collected during pre-load exercise. Blood pressure and blood samples for plasma fatty acid content were also taken before the exercise pre-load and post-time trial. Significant differences were observed between test supplements in omega-3 PUFA to total PUFA ratio, and for both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in the blood plasma (p < 0.05). Mean time trial completion time was not significantly different between interventions (p > 0.05). Mean heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured during the pre-load exercise also showed no significant differences between trials. This study did not find beneficial the use of a single-dose of omega-3 PUFAs for improvements in exercise efficiency or endurance performance in trained cyclists.

Abstract (croatian)

Smatra se da bi suplementacija omega-3 polinezasićenim masnim kiselinama (PUFAs) iz ribljeg ulja mogla, među ostalim, povećati opskrbu tkiva kisikom i time poboljšati izvedbu u vježbama izdržljivosti. Za razliku od dugotrajne suplementacije, u trajanju jedan tjedan ili dulje, mnogo manje su istraženi učinci akutne suplementacije jednostrukom dozom omega-3 PUFAs (npr. 4.7 g/dan) na ishode treninga. Ova dvostruko slijepa, randomizirana, crossover, placebom kontrolirana studija istraživala je akutne učinke suplementacije jednostrukom dozom omega-3 PUFA iz ribljeg ulja na izvedbu treniranih biciklista. Pretpostavljeno je da će se izvedba i učinkovitost treninga izdržljivosti poboljšati, te da će prethodno emulgirani (pre-emulgirani) oblik suplementa imati bolje učinke od standardnog suplementa. Sedam ispitanika (25,3±3,86 godina) sudjelovalo je u laboratorijskim testiranjima. Ispitanici su konzumirali jednu od tri vrste suplementa (pre-emulgirani, standardni i placebo) nasumičnim redoslijedom prije svake 120-minutne vožnje bicikla pri submaksimalom opterećenju kako bi se izmjerili pokazatelji učinkovitosti vježbanja. Nakon 5-minutnog odmora ispitanici su bili podvrgnuti testiranju pri ciljanom opterećenju u ograničenom vremenu zbog mjerenja učinaka suplementacije na tjelesnu izdržljivost. Puls, krvni tlak, te uzorci krvi za određivanje sadržaja masnih kiselina u plazmi uzeti su prije i tijekom 120-minutne vožnje bicikla i nakon testiranja. Uočene su značajne razlike između ispitivanih suplemenata u omjeru omega-3 PUFAs i ukupnih PUFAs, te u razinama eikozapentaenske (EPA) i dokozaheksaenske kiseline (DHA) u krvnoj plazmi (p <0,05). Prosječno vrijeme trajanja testiranja pri ciljanom opterećenju nije se značajno razlikovalo obzirom na konzumirani suplement (p> 0,05). Prosječni broj otkucaja srca, te sistolički i dijastolički krvni tlak mjereni tijekom bicikliranja pri submaksimalnom opterećenju također nisu pokazali značajne razlike između testiranja. Rezultati ovog istraživanja nisu potvrdili da bi jednokratna doza omega-3 PUFAs bila korisna za poboljšanje učinkovitosti vježbanja ili izdržljivosti kod utreniranih biciklista.

• Keywords: fish oil; omega-3 PUFAs; EPA; DHA; endurance exercise
• Keywords (english): riblje ulje; omega-3 PUFAs; EPA; DHA; vježba izdržljivosti
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:699754
• Study programme: Title: Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra nutricionizma (magistar/magistra nutricionizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-01-21 11:51:41