Učinak bioaktivnih molekula iz ekstrakta cvijeta Prunus spinosa L. na biodostupnost, oksidacijski stres i hiperglikemiju u miša C57BL/6

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Influence of bioactive molecules from Prunus spinosa L. flower extract on bioavailability, oxidative stress and hyperglycemia in C57BL/6 mice
• Author: Irena Crnić
• Mentor: Irena Landeka Jurčević (mentor)
• Mentor: Domagoj Đikić (komentor)
• Committee member: Verica Dragović-Uzelac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Kmetič (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nada Oršolić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Quality Control); (Laboratory for Food Chemistry and Biochemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-12-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 577 - Biochemistry. Molecular biology. Biophysics

Abstract

Hiperglikemija je metabolički poremećaj karakteriziran kroničnom povišenom glukozom u krvi kao rezultat nedovoljnog ili nepravilnog lučenja inzulina, te nizom sekundarnih komplikacija. Mnogi biljni pripravci bogati polifenolima imaju dokazan hipoglikemijski i antioksidacijski potencijal putem različitih mehanizama djelovanja. U ovome radu su istraženi in vivo učinci polifenola iz ekstrakta cvijeta Prunus spinosa L. (ECT) na biodostupnost, biljege oksidacijskog stresa, antioksidacijske enzime te utjecaj na glikemijske parametre, u normalnog i hiperglikemijskog C57BL/6 miša, tijekom 10 dana eksperimenta. Miševi su bili podijeljeni u 4 skupine, 1. Kontrola (K), 2. Normoglikemija (ECT), 3. Hiperglikemija (AL, izazvana aloksanom), 4. Hiperglikemija (AL+ECT). Dobiveni rezultati sugeriraju da polifenoli kao i njihovi metaboliti iz ECT u tkivima jetre i bubrega povećavaju aktivnost antioksidacijskih enzima (SOD, GSH, CAT) te snižavaju biljege oksidacijskog stresa (MDA, AOPP) u hiperglikemijskoj skupini koja je tretirana sa ECT u odnosu na netretiranu hiperglikemijsku skupinu (AL). Rezultati analize glikemijskih parametara ukazuju na inhibitorno djelovanje na aktivnost α- amilaze, poboljšanu toleranciju glukoze (OGTT), sniženu glukozu u krvi na tašte te poboljšano lučenje inzulina u skupini AL+ECT u odnosu na AL skupinu, što se pripisuje djelovanju polifenola i njihovih metabolita iz ECT. Dobiveni rezultati mogu doprinijeti razumijevanju utjecaja polifenola iz ECT na oksido-redukcijski i glikemijski status kod oboljelih od hiperglikemije te kao potencijalna suportivna terapija u cilju postizanja bolje glikemijske kontrole i prevencije sekundarnih komplikacija kronične hiperglikemije.

Abstract (english)

Hyperglycemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose which is a result of insufficient or improper insulin secretion as well as a multitude of secondary complications. Many plant sources rich in polyphenols have a proven hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect through various mechanism. In this thesis the following were examined during a 10 day in vivo experimentation of the effect of polyphenols from Prunus spinosa L. flower extract (ECT) on C57BL/6 mice: bioavailability, influence on biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes and glycemic parameters. Mice were divided into 4 groups: 1. Control (K), 2. Normoglycemic group (ECT), 3. Hyperglycemic group (AL, alloxan-induced), 4. Hyperglycemic group (AL+ECT). The given results suggest that polyphenols as well as their metabolites from ECT in liver and kidney tissue increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, CAT) and lower the biomarkers of oxidative stress (MDA, AOPP) in the hyperglycemic group treated with ECT relative to the untreated hyperglycemic group (AL). Analysis results of glycemic parameters indicate an inhibitory effect on α-amylase activity, improved glucose tolerance (OGTT), decreased fasting blood glucose and increased insulin secretion in the AL+ECT group compared to the AL group, which is attributed to the efficiency of polyphenols and their metabolites from ECT. The obtained results can contribute to understanding the influence of polyphenols from ECT on the oxidative and glycemic status in patients with hyperglycemia and as a potential supportive therapy in order to achieve better glycemic control and prevention of secondary complication from chronic hyperglycemia.

• Keywords: α-amilaza; biodostupnost; hiperglikemija; inzulin; OGTT; ROS; Prunus spinosa L.
• Keywords (english): α-amylase; bioavailability; hyperglycemia; insulin; OGTT; ROS; Prunus spinosa L.
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:861519
• Promotion: 2022
• Study programme: Title: Postgraduate PhD Study in Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 170 str. : 30 cm
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-11-08 13:45:49