Učinak trotjedne dijete izrazito niskog sadržaja energije na primarna, oksidacijska i trajna oštećenja dna u pretilih osoba

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): The effect of a three week very low calorie diet on primary, oxidative and permanent dna damage in obese individuals
• Author: Ivan Ožvald
• Mentor: Martina Bituh (mentor)
• Mentor: Mirta Milić (komentor)
• Committee member: Ines Panjkota-Krbavčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ksenija Durgo (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Matovinović Osvatić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Quality Control); (Laboratory for Food Chemistry and Biochemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-25, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Nutrition
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 577 - Biochemistry. Molecular biology. Biophysics

Abstract

Svrha rada bila je utvrditi i usporediti trotjedni učinak dijete izrazito niskog sadržaja energije (engl. very-low-calorie diet, VLCD) (~ 600 kcal dnevno, 26 ispitanika, eksperimentalna grupa) sa standardnom redukcijskom dijetom (SRD) (~1500 kcal dnevno, 27 ispitanika, kontrolna grupa) u pretilih osoba s indeksom tjelesne mase (ITM) ≥ 35 kg m−2. Uspoređene su vrijednosti primarnih, oksidacijskih i trajnih oštećenja DNA (mjerenih komet, FPG-komet i mikronukleus cytome testom), antropometrijskih (ITM, tjelesna masa, masa masnog i mišićnog tkiva te udio masnog tkiva) i biokemijskih parametara (inzulinska rezistencija: glukoza, inzulin, HOMA-IR; lipidni status: ukupni kolesterol, HDL-kolesterol, LDL-kolesterol, trigliceridi; upala: leukociti, visokoosjetljiv C-reaktivni protein). Obje dijete su pokazale povoljan učinak na zdravlje pretilih osoba s ITM ≥ 35 kg mˉ² , posebice smanjenjem mjerenih antropometrijskih parametara, te povoljnim djelovanjem na neke biokemijske parametre (inzulinsku rezistenciju, lipidni status te upalu). U odnosu na SRD, VLCD je značajnije utjecala na antropometrijske parametre i parametre lipidnog statusa, te trajna oštećenja DNA, dok je učinak SRD na primarna, oksidacijska i trajna oštećenja DNA izostao što je posljedica kompleksnih interakcija ITM, komorbiditeta pretilosti, prehrane, nutritivnog statusa pojedinca i promjena uzrokovanih smanjenjem tjelesne mase.

Abstract (english)

The study aimed to determine and compare the three-week effects of a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) (~ 600 kcal per day, 26 subjects, experimental group) with a standard reduction diet (SRD) (~ 1500 kcal per day, 27 subjects, control group) in obese persons with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg mˉ². The values of primary, oxidative and permanent DNA damage (measured by comet, FPG-comet and micronucleus cytome assay), anthropometric (BMI, body weight, weight of adipose and muscle tissue and proportion of fat tissues) and biochemical parameters (insulin resistance: glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR; lipid profile: total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides; inflammation: leukocytes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). Both diets showed a beneficial health effects, especially in the reduction of anthropometric parameters, and having a favorable effect on some biochemical parameters (insulin resistance, lipid status and inflammation). Compared to SRD, VLCD had a more significant effect on anthropometric and lipid status parameters, as well as on permanent DNA damage, while the effect of SRD on primary, oxidative and permanent DNA damage was absent which is a consequence of the complex interrelationships of BMI, comorbidity of obesity, diet, nutritional status of the individual, and changes caused by weight loss.

• Keywords: DNA; komet test; mikronukleus test; pretilost; VLCD
• Keywords (english): comet assay; DNA; micronucleus assay; obesity; VLCD
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:396389
• Promotion: 2023
• Study programme: Title: Postgraduate PhD Study in Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 153 str. ; 30 cm
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-06-14 10:00:08