Utjecaj metoda ekstrakcije na biološku aktivnost i in vitro gastrointestinalnu stabilnost glukozinolata i njihovih razgradnih produkata iz odabranih biljaka reda brassicales

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Influence of extraction methods on biological activity and in vitro gastrointestinal stability of glucosinolates and their decomposition products from selected plants of the order brassicales
• Author: Ivana Vrca
• Mentor: Tea Bilušić (mentor)
• Committee member: Verica Dragović-Uzelac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ksenija Durgo (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Greta Krešić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; (Department of Food Engineering); (Laboratory for Food Processes Engineering); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-11-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Food Technology
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 58 - Botany

Abstract

Biljke iz reda Brassicales poznate su kao dobar izvor glukozinolata i njihovih razgradnih produkata - izotiocijanata. U ovom istraživanju korišteni su uzorci eteričnih ulja i ekstrakata, dobivenih primjenom različitih metoda ekstrakcije, iz sjemenki gorušica te visokog dragoljuba. Budući da izotiocijanati imaju širok spektar bioloških aktivnosti od značaja je odrediti njihovu stabilnost i biodostupnost u uvjetima simuliranog procesa probave (želudac i tanko crijevo) koristeći ljudske i komercijalne probavne enzime. Glukozinolati i izotiocijanati iz navedenih uzoraka pokazali su veću gastrointestinalnu stabilnost nakon želučane faze probave u odnosu na crijevnu fazu. U ovom je istraživanju određena biološka aktivnost eteričnih ulja i ekstrakata smeđe i crne gorušice (antiproliferativna na dvije stanične linije karcinoma) i visokog dragoljuba (antiproliferativna na pet staničnih linija karcinoma, proapoptotska na dvije stanične linije karcinoma, vizualiziran je utjecaj uzoraka na stanice karcinom koristeći optičku i mikroskopiju atomskih sila – AFM te je određena antimikrobna aktivnost). Razgradni produkti glukozinolata prisutnih u gorušicama, pokazali su umjerenu i slabu antiproliferativnu aktivnost, dok razgradni produkti glukozinolata glukotropeolina prisutnog u visokom dragoljubu (benzil-izotiocijanat) su pokazali visok stupanj antiproliferativne, proapoptotske, antibakterijske i antiadhezijske aktivnosti.

Abstract (english)

Plants of the order Brassicales are known as a good source of glucosinolates and their degradation products - isothiocyanates. In this work, samples of essential oils and extracts, from the mustard and nasturtium seeds were used, obtained by different extraction methods. Since isothiocyanates exhibit a wide range of biological activities, it is important to determine their stability and bioaccessibility under the conditions of a simulated digestion process (stomach and small intestine) with human and commercial digestive enzymes. The glucosinolates and isothiocyanates from the above samples showed higher gastrointestinal stability after the gastric phase of digestion compared to the intestinal phase. In this work, the biological activity of the essential oils and extracts of brown and black mustard (antiproliferative activity on two cancer cell lines) and nasturtium (antiproliferative activity on five cancer cell lines, proapoptotic activity on two cancer cell lines was determined, the effect of the essential oil on cancer cells was visualized by optical and atomic force microscopy - AFM, and the antimicrobial activity was determined). The degradation products of glucosinolates contained in mustard showed moderate and weak antiproliferative activity, while the degradation products of glucosinolate glucotropaeolin contained in nasturtium (benzyl isothiocyanate) showed a high level of antiproliferative, proapoptotic, antibacterial and antiadhesive activity.

• Keywords: gorušice; dragoljub; UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS; GC-MS/MS; glukozinolati; izotiocijanati; in vitro probava; biološka aktivnost; Clevenger hidrodestilacija; mikrovalna destilacija (MAD); mikrovalna hidrodifuzija i gravitacija (MHG); mikroskopija
• Keywords (english): mustards; Tropaeolum majus (nasturtium); UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS; GC-MS/MS; glucosinolates; isothiocyanates; in vitro digestion; biological activity; Clevenger hydrodistillation; microwave distillation (MAD); microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG); microscopy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:159:057594
• Promotion: 2022
• Study programme: Title: Postgraduate PhD Study in Nutrition; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje nutricionizam)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 179 str. ; 30 cm
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-11-11 13:53:53